Gosh, that's not a short answer. I recommend looking at other people's hackers to get a sense of what Programs and hardware you will need. Being a kick-ass hacker is a function of money first and foremost cause none of those tests are based on Logic (4th edition shenanigans) but rather your Hacking, Data Search, Electronic Warfare, Cybercombat skills + Program rating.
Getting a good dice pool rolling for hacking is a function of:
- Properly high Skills (4-5) (see above)
- Powerful Comlink (stats around 5 or 6) to power...
- ...High rating programs (5-6)
- Add cyberware that gives you +dice for Logic-related tasks (Neocortical nanites +3, Pushed +1, Encephalon +2)
- If money permits add Simsense Accelerator and Simsense Booster for a 4th and 5th Initiative Pass
With that, my fairly new hacker character hangs around 18-22 dice on average for matrix tests which is fantastic (imo).
Now, a very good comlink will not be cheap, as won't hacking programs (rating x 1000) but normal programs are rating x 100 so get them at 6 (like Edit, Analyse, Encryption etc.). 6000 per rating 6 Hacking program is the max at char creation (it seemed to me) as rating 7 went to 49.000 (!?).
Here are programs that you will need and what for:
Offense:
- Stealth - treshold to detect you, duh
- Exploit - to hack, duh!

- Analyse - to "look at" nodes and files and get info about them (like is there a data bomb on it or is it encrypted)
- Decrypt - break encryption on nodes and files and the access log (!)
- Edit - edit data in files, data streams like vid feeds and edit the access log (!)
- Defuse - data bomb would hurt otherwise

- Scan - to find wireless traffic and hidden nodes
- Spoof - to send fake commands once you have someone else's access ID (after using Analyse)
- Blackhammer and Blackout - to stun or kill Matrix opponents
Defense
- Encrypt - run on your own traffic and node for protection
- Armor - when attacked by normal Matrix attacks
- Biodfeedback Filter - when attacked by Black IC and someone is trying to melt your brain (ouch!)
I've never used Medic or Reality Filter yet.
I hope that helps you, buddy.
