Earthdawn has all of those. They are just called talents (and yes, they are upper Circle talents).
I think the disconnect is from you wanting all the PC's to have them, not just the higher Circle ones. While I see that might be interesting to model (and I have a couple of ideas about how that could come about), too much might devalue the upper Circle abilities that grant adepts those abilities.
The Life Check talent lets a PC essentially save vs. death. Second Chance does exactly what the name of the talent does: Grant a second chance at an important dice roll. The Vitality talent combined with any other healing ability, including Life Check, makes that character incredibly durable (essentially allowing a character to heal up to four times as much in a day, six times as often, it's that ridiculous). With the right talent knacks (think specialties or new powers for a given ability), a PC can fall from hundreds of feet up and simply bounce off the ground onto his feet with no damage, bring a critically wounded comrade into a bonfire and heal them, stare at an object and make it shatter, or pick up a loaf of stale bread and beat someone to death with it.
To reiterate, I think that there is some room for what you want in ED, but it must be included in such a way as not to make the other abilities redundant or underpowered.