What if it was cut with a strong adhesive?
Also, I was figuring on this mostly being used on military or hard security targets, people who would/should be in harnesses or strapped in. An airplane should be able to make a glide, and a rotorcraft should be able to autorotate to safely-ish land. It's not no risk, but much less than if you opened it like a tin can using an autocannon.
Also, figure points for style. Taking down a million plus nuyen aircraft using 50 nuyen plus launcher, and since the 2.5m ball was per dosage... Couldn't one up the dosage quite a bit and create even larger balls of lovely foam?
Hell, you could use it to knock out their eyes and ears. Target sensors and antenna. Target their guns.
As for a dragon... Huh. Use a massive enough dose, and launch it down their gullet?